◎三從四德
[the three obediences obey her father before marriage, her husband when married, and her sons in widowhood and the four virtues (morality, proper speech, modest manner and diligent work) of women in ancient China;spiritual fetters of wifely submission and virtue imposed on women in feudal society] 古代中國婦女應(yīng)有的品德。三從是未嫁從父、既嫁從夫、夫死從子,四德是婦德、婦言、婦容、婦功(婦女的品德、辭令、儀態(tài)、女工)
⒈ 泛指束縛婦女的封建禮教。參見“三從”、“四德”。
引《敦煌曲子詞·鳳歸云》:“訓(xùn)習(xí)禮儀足,三從四德,針指分明?!?br/>元?jiǎng)⑻魄洹督瞪i返谝徽郏骸澳强跋眿D潤蓮,三從四德為先。”
《紅樓夢(mèng)》第四七回:“我聽見你替你老爺説媒來了,你倒也三從四德的。只是這賢慧也太過了!”
聞一多《婦女解放問題》:“從歷史上看中國的女性,就是奴性的同義詞,三從四德是奴性的內(nèi)容?!?/span>
三從指在家從父、出嫁從夫、夫死從子。四德指婦德、婦言、婦容、婦功。三從四德指舊時(shí)社會(huì)婦女所應(yīng)具備的德性。元.關(guān)漢卿《救風(fēng)塵.第一折》:「待裝個(gè)老實(shí)學(xué)三從四德,爭奈是匪妓都三心二意,端的是哪里是三梢末尾?」《紅樓夢(mèng).第四七回》:「我聽見你替你老爺說媒來了。你倒也三從四德的,只是這賢惠也太過了?!挂沧鳌杆牡氯龔摹?。